Black Ginger (Kaempferia parviflora): The Energetic Extract in EndoFlo

In May of 2024, we announced the formation of a new ingredient innovation company named Aura Scientific, which launched with four novel dietary supplement ingredients. This included their pre-workout pump ingredient EndoFlo, a powerful blood flow enhancement blend that’s already gained serious traction in the sports supplement industry.

Black Ginger (Kaempferia parviflora): The Energetic Extract in EndoFlo

Black Ginger is the energetic force inside EndoFlo that boosts energy metabolism, enhances blood flow, and improves exercise performance.

After our in-depth review of EndoFlo and seeing real-world results from users of leading-edge brands using the ingredient, we had to dive deeper into one of its four components: Kaempferia parviflora, also known as Black Ginger. This fascinating herb from Thailand, often dubbed “Thai Ginseng”, has been turning heads in sports nutrition research, yet many aren’t aware of its incredible capabilities.

Black Ginger: Thailand’s Secret Weapon for Energy and Vitality in EndoFlo

Traditional Thai medicine has employed Black Ginger for centuries to enhance energy, vitality, and physical performance. What ancient practitioners understood through experience, modern science is now validating through rigorous research: Black Ginger is a powerful ergogenic aid that can boost exercise performance, enhance energy metabolism, increase blood flow, and support athletic recovery.

The inclusion of black ginger in EndoFlo wasn’t by chance – its unique bioactive compounds, especially its methoxyflavones, work synergistically with EndoFlo’s other ingredients to enhance blood flow and support athletic performance. In this deep dive, we’ll explore the fascinating science behind this traditional herb and understand why it’s become such a crucial component of one of 2024’s most exciting supplement innovations.

Before we get into the details, sign up for our Aura Scientific, EndoFlo, and Black Ginger news and deal alerts:

Subscribe to PricePlow's Newsletter and Alerts on These Topics

Topic Blog Posts YouTube Videos Instagram Posts
Aura Scientific
Black Ginger
EndoFlo

What is Black Ginger (Kaempferia parviflora)?

Black ginger, scientifically known as Kaempferia parviflora, is a herbaceous plant belonging to the ginger family (Zingiberaceae) that’s native to Southeast Asia, primarily Thailand, Laos, and Malaysia.[1,2] Its dark purple-black rhizomes have earned it the common name “Thai black ginger” or “Krachai dam” in Thai.

Black Ginger Plant Characteristics

Visual representation of Kaempferia parviflora showing the rhizome, growing herb, and flower.[3]

Traditional Uses

Among Thailand’s hill tribes and traditional medicine practitioners, black ginger has been used for centuries to boost energy levels, enhance physical work capacity, and promote longevity.[4,5] Traditional uses include:

  • Improving blood circulation and cardiovascular health
  • Enhancing physical performance and reducing fatigue
  • Supporting metabolic health
  • Promoting male vitality

Key Bioactive Compounds

Modern analysis has revealed that black ginger’s effects come primarily from its rich content of polymethoxyflavones (PMFs). The most important compounds are:[6]

Black Ginger Rhizomes and Methoxyflavone Structures

Chemical analysis of Kaempferia parviflora rhizomes showing their methoxyflavone constituents and molecular structures.[2]

  • 5,7-dimethoxyflavone (DMF)
  • 5,7,4′-trimethoxyflavone (TMF)
  • 3,5,7,3′,4′-pentamethoxyflavone (PMF)

These (especially 5,7-DMF) will be discussed in greater detail in the mechanisms section of this article.

Seeking PMFs in Modern Extraction Methods

Most research-validated extracts are produced using ethanol extraction methods.[7] They’re often standardized to contain specific levels of total polymethoxyflavones (typically >8%) to ensure consistent potency and reliable effects.[8]

HPLC Analysis of Black Ginger's Key Polymethoxyflavones

Chromatographic comparison of PMF, DMF, and TMF content in standard mixture, KP extract, and KP capsule.[8]

Benefits of Black Ginger

There are several benefits to black ginger — since EndoFlo is used mainly in pre-workout applications, we’re going to stick primarily with physical performance, but there are some added benefits discussed later:

  • Enhanced Physical Performance

    The research supporting black ginger’s effects on physical performance is extensive, with multiple clinical trials demonstrating improvements in strength, endurance, and power output.

    Grip Strength and Muscle Function

    A 12-week randomized controlled trial with 194 male student-athletes found that black ginger extract (360mg daily) significantly enhanced several measures of strength. The treatment group showed increased right-hand grip strength at 12 weeks compared to both baseline and placebo, while left-hand grip strength improvements were notable at the 8-week mark.[8]

    Physical Performance Improvements with Black Ginger

    Changes in strength, speed, and cardiovascular parameters over 12 weeks of KP supplementation.[8]

    Additionally, the black ginger group demonstrated significant improvements in back and leg strength by the end of the study period. The trial included athletes from various sports including soccer, track-and-field, handball, boxing, wrestling and judo, suggesting broad applicability across different athletic disciplines.[8]

    Other benefits from the above study will be discussed in the sections below. The strength improvements appear to work through multiple pathways — black ginger activates the PI3K/Akt pathway, which plays a crucial role in muscle protein synthesis and growth.[9]

    Enhanced Endurance Capacity

    Multiple studies have found that black ginger can significantly improve endurance and exercise capacity:[10]

    Black Ginger Extract's Impact on Exercise Endurance

    Exercise time to exhaustion comparing control group versus low and high doses of KP extract, showing significant endurance improvements with supplementation.[11]

    • Increased running time and distance in treadmill tests
    • Enhanced swimming endurance in forced swim tests
    • Improved cardiorespiratory fitness and VO2 max scores

    The endurance benefits appear linked to black ginger’s ability to enhance energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. Research shows it increases mitochondrial density and function in muscle tissue.[11]

    Speed and Power Output

    Beyond strength and endurance, black ginger demonstrates benefits for explosive power and speed. In clinical research, subjects supplementing with black ginger showed improved performance in:[12]

    Black Ginger (Kaempferia parviflora)

    Black Ginger (Kaempferia parviflora) looks like ginger, but is darker inside! And this brings some serious anti-inflammatory potency. Image courtesy Wikimedia.

    • 40-yard technical speed tests
    • 50-meter sprint times
    • Overall power output measurements

    These improvements in power output may be attributed to black ginger’s ability to enhance muscle energy utilization and blood flow support.[10]

  • Athletic Recovery

    Athletes and fitness enthusiasts know that recovery is just as important as the workout itself. Research indicates that black ginger extract provides significant recovery benefits that complement its performance-enhancing effects.

    Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Improvements

    A 12-week clinical trial on athletes demonstrated that black ginger supplementation significantly improved multiple heart rate variability markers. The researchers found increases in key recovery indicators like SDNN (Standard Deviation of Normal-to-Normal intervals) and RMSSD (Root Mean Square of Successive Differences).[8]

    Heart Rate Variability and Stress Response with Black Ginger

    A 12-week clinical trial on athletes demonstrated that black ginger supplementation significantly improved multiple heart rate variability markers.[8]

    Recovery from Physical Stress

    Black ginger shows impressive benefits for managing exercise-induced stress and supporting recovery:[10]

    Effects of Black Ginger on Key Metabolic Markers

    Impact of KP extract on plasma glucose, lipids, and other metabolic parameters after exhaustive exercise, demonstrating its metabolic regulatory effects.[11]

    • Improved post-exercise heart rate recovery
    • Enhanced workout recovery markers
    • Better stress resistance scores in clinical measurements

    The extract appears particularly effective at supporting recovery when taken consistently. In research, subjects supplementing with black ginger showed better adaptation to training stress compared to those taking placebo.[12]

    Post-Workout Recovery

    Clinical research indicates that black ginger can help support various aspects of post-workout recovery. Athletes supplementing with black ginger showed improved markers of:[8,10]

    Aura Scientific's EndoFlo

    This blood flow-boosting ingredient, EndoFlo, consists of four key constituents: Mangifera indica (mango fruit extract), Kaempferia parviflora (black ginger), Ginkgo biloba, and Pinus massoniana (pine bark extract).

    • Muscle recovery after intense exercise
    • Return to baseline performance
    • Overall training adaptations

    These recovery benefits work through several pathways that we’ll explore in detail below, but the research clearly shows that black ginger can be a valuable addition to any athlete’s recovery protocol.

  • Improved Energy Metabolism and Cellular ATP Production

    Black ginger’s effects on athletic performance are supported by multiple mechanisms enhancing cellular energy metabolism. These metabolic enhancements lay the foundation for many of its performance-enhancing effects.

    Enhanced Cellular Energy Production

    One of black ginger’s most fascinating effects is its ability to enhance cellular ATP production, which it does through multiple complementary pathways.[10,13]

    At the cellular level, black ginger extract (KPE) and its polymethoxyflavones activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), often called the body’s “metabolic master switch”. This activation leads to increased energy production and improved metabolic efficiency.[10]

    Further research has demonstrated that KPE enhances mitochondrial function through multiple pathways:[13]

    • Increased mitochondrial number and density in muscle tissue
    • Enhanced mitochondrial DNA expression
    • Upregulation of PGC-1α, a key regulator of energy metabolism
    • Improved mitochondrial biogenesis

    Improved Glucose Metabolism

    Black ginger extract shows remarkable effects on glucose handling and utilization. Studies indicate that KPE:[10,14]

    Black Ginger's Effect on Glucose Management

    Improved glucose response curves in both TSOD and TSNO mice with KP supplementation.[3]

    • Increases glucose uptake into muscle cells
    • Enhances glycogen storage capacity
    • Improves insulin sensitivity
    • Supports optimal blood glucose regulation

    Enhanced Energy Substrate Utilization

    Beyond its effects on glucose metabolism, black ginger improves the body’s ability to utilize multiple energy substrates. Research shows KPE increases:[11]

    • The expression of key metabolic enzymes
    • Lactate metabolism efficiency
    • Energy production from fatty acids
    • Overall metabolic flexibility

    The improved ATP availability and utilization in muscle tissue manifest as better sustained power output during training.[10] This leads us to the next benefit:

  • Enhanced Metabolic Flexibility

    Beyond raw ATP production, black ginger helps optimize how the body uses different fuel sources, enhancing the body’s ability to efficiently switch between glucose and fatty acid oxidation based on activity demands and energy needs.[11]

    This enhanced metabolic flexibility means the body can more efficiently switch between these sources during exercise, supporting sustained energy production during both high-intensity and endurance activities.

    This supports several of the benefits listed above, such as improved glucose uptake and utilization in muscle tissue, enhanced mitochondrial function, and better metabolic adaptation to exercise.[10]

    These metabolic enhancements are primarily driven by black ginger’s polymethoxyflavone content — especially 5,7-dimethoxyflavone[2] — which we’ll explore in detail in the mechanisms section below.

    Research also shows that consistent black ginger supplementation leads to improved resting metabolic rate and energy expenditure, suggesting that it creates lasting enhancements to metabolic function.[14]

    This leads us to our next section, body composition:

  • Body Composition Improvements

    Black ginger’s metabolic effects translate into significant improvements in body composition, with multiple studies demonstrating its ability to support healthy weight management and fat metabolism.[7]

    Fat Metabolism Support

    Clinical research shows that black ginger extract significantly impacts fat metabolism. A 12-week placebo-controlled study demonstrated that KPE supplementation led to significant reductions in visceral fat area and total fat mass in overweight subjects.[7]

    Black Ginger's Impact on Body Fat Distribution

    Reduction in visceral and subcutaneous fat tissue with KP supplementation, demonstrated through both weight measurements and CT imaging.[3]

    These effects appear to work through multiple pathways, with research showing that black ginger can enhance fat oxidation while supporting healthy adipose tissue function.[3]

    Thermogenic Enhancement

    Beyond its direct effects on fat metabolism, black ginger demonstrates impressive thermogenic properties. Research shows that KPE can increase energy expenditure through activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT), leading to enhanced caloric burn.[14,15]

    This thermogenic effect appears particularly potent when combined with exercise, as studies show enhanced fat utilization during physical activity in subjects supplementing with black ginger.[16]

    Black Ginger (Kaempferia parviflora): The Energetic Extract in EndoFlo

    These body composition benefits stem from the same polymethoxyflavone compounds responsible for black ginger’s performance benefits, highlighting how its various effects work together synergistically to support both athletic performance and physique enhancement goals.

    Blood Sugar Control and Insulin Sensitivity

    On a related topic, research shows additional health-supportive properties. For instance, studies demonstrate that black ginger extract can help maintain healthy blood sugar levels already in normal range and support insulin sensitivity.[7]

    The extract’s effects on metabolic health extend beyond exercise performance, with research showing it can support:[14]

    • Healthy glucose metabolism at rest
    • Balanced energy utilization
    • Metabolic wellness markers

    Next, we get to the “other” interesting effects, including an interesting ED study:

  • Other Benefits of Black Ginger

    While our focus has been on athletic performance and body composition, black ginger’s benefits extend far beyond the gym. Research has uncovered several additional health-supporting properties that make this traditional herb even more fascinating.

    Male Health Support

    Recent clinical research has shown impressive benefits for male vitality from black ginger supplementation. In a compelling 30-day pilot study, researchers investigated the effects of a standardized black ginger extract on healthy men aged 50-68 years who were not using prescription treatments.[17]

    Black Ginger's Effects on Male Function Parameters

    Clinical study results showing improvements in physical measurements with KP supplementation at 25mg and 90mg daily doses over 2 months.[18]

    The study used validated questionnaires to assess results, finding significant improvements in:

    • Erectile function scores
    • Intercourse satisfaction ratings
    • Overall performance measurements

    Most impressively, over 61% of participants reported noticeable improvements in function after just 30 days of supplementation with 100mg of the extract daily. The researchers found these benefits occurred without any significant changes in hormone levels or other blood parameters, suggesting the effects were primarily through vascular pathways.[17]

    2012: Efficacy of 90mg KP Extract for Male Function

    Prior to that study, a 2-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 45 healthy elderly male volunteers aged 65-68 years was published studying male health.[18] Researchers administered either a placebo or black ginger extract at doses of 25mg or 90mg daily. Those receiving the 90mg daily dose showed significant improvements in male health function compared to placebo, including enhanced response to visual stimuli and improved physical parameters.[18]

    Demographic Data of Study Participants

    Baseline characteristics of subjects in placebo, KP25mg, and KP90mg groups showing no significant differences between groups.[4]

    Notably, these benefits began appearing after just one month of supplementation and were maintained even one month after discontinuing supplementation, suggesting lasting benefits. Unlike some other performance enhancers, black ginger achieved these effects without impacting hormone levels, indicating it works through vascular pathways rather than hormonal manipulation.[18]

    Enhanced Labs Top T

    Enhanced Labs Top T is raising the bar with ProtoTest and EndoFlo, two cutting-edge ingredients from Aura Scientific.

    In other research described in the performance section above, men supplementing with black ginger extract experienced significant improvements in overall vitality markers.[4]

    There’s additional research supporting these findings, with studies showing that black ginger extract can enhance blood flow through multiple complementary mechanisms,[19] which are discussed in the section below.

    This brings us to the next section:

    Blood Flow Enhancement

    Research demonstrates that black ginger has remarkable effects on vascular function and blood flow support — the actual reason it’s in EndoFlo! Multiple studies have shown that black ginger extract can promote healthy blood vessel function and enhance circulation throughout the body.[20,21]

    Clinical investigations have found that black ginger supplementation can improve various markers of vascular health:[20]

    • Enhanced blood flow to muscle tissue during exercise
    • Improved circulation to reproductive organs
    • Better overall vascular function
    Black Ginger's Antimicrobial Properties

    Dose-dependent antimicrobial activity of Kaempferia parviflora extract against P. acnes and S. aureus bacteria.[22]

    These circulatory benefits help explain many of black ginger’s effects on physical performance and recovery. By supporting healthy blood flow, the extract helps deliver oxygen and nutrients to working muscles while aiding in the removal of metabolic byproducts.[23]

    Skin Health Support?!

    In a completely different twist, recent research has uncovered promising benefits of black ginger extract for skin health. A 2018 study found that black ginger extract contains compounds that support healthy inflammatory response in skin cells and help maintain normal sebum production.[22]

    The study showed that black ginger extract:[22]

    • Supports normal sebocyte (oil-producing cell) function
    • Helps maintain healthy inflammatory signaling in skin cells
    • Promotes balanced oil production in sebaceous glands

    These findings suggest that black ginger’s benefits extend beyond performance and circulation to include potential skin-supportive properties as well — which are likely driven by its antioxidant nature:

    Reducing Oxidative Stress and Supporting Skin Health

    Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in skin aging and various dermatological conditions. Research suggests that Kaempferia parviflora (Black Ginger) possesses significant antioxidant properties, which may help combat oxidative damage and support overall skin health.

    Reduction in Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

    A clinical study on healthy elderly volunteers found that daily supplementation with Kaempferia parviflora extract for eight weeks resulted in a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a key marker of oxidative stress.[4] This reduction was accompanied by increased activity of major antioxidant enzymes, including:

    Black Ginger Extract's Impact on Energy Expenditure Over Time

    Clinical data showing increased energy expenditure after Kaempferia Parviflora supplementation, particularly effective in subjects with high brown adipose tissue (BAT) levels.[14]

    • Superoxide dismutase (SOD) – neutralizes superoxide radicals.
    • Catalase (CAT) – breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
    • Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) – reduces peroxides and protects against lipid peroxidation​

    These findings indicate that Black Ginger enhances the body’s natural antioxidant defenses, potentially contributing to healthier skin and prolonged endurance by reducing oxidative damage.

Chemical Structure of Black Ginger's Key Component 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone

Molecular structure of 5,7-dimethoxyflavone (DMF), showing the methoxy groups at positions 5 and 7 of the flavone backbone.[9]

The Science Behind Black Ginger

While black ginger contains numerous bioactive compounds, researchers have identified several key polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) that drive its beneficial effects.[6] These compounds have been extensively studied for their impacts on energy metabolism, muscular function, and cardiovascular health.

  • Key Bioactive: 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone (5,7-DMF)

    Among black ginger’s active compounds, 5,7-dimethoxyflavone (5,7-DMF) has emerged as one of its most promising and well-researched constituents. This methoxylated flavone demonstrates remarkable effects on cellular energy production and muscle function.[10]

    Structure and Properties

    5,7-DMF belongs to the polymethoxyflavone family and features methoxy groups at positions 5 and 7 of the flavone backbone. This unique chemical structure allows it to:[24]

    5,7-Dimethoxyflavone's Effects on Vascular Relaxation

    Dose-dependent vasorelaxation effects of 5,7-DMF in aortic rings, showing endothelium-dependent and independent mechanisms.[21]

    • Readily cross cell membranes
    • Maintain high bioavailability
    • Resist metabolic breakdown
    • Interact with key cellular signaling pathways

    Specific Benefits

    Research has demonstrated that 5,7-DMF provides several key benefits:[9]

    • Enhances mitochondrial function and energy production
    • Activates AMPK signaling pathways
    • Promotes muscle protein synthesis
    • Supports healthy inflammatory response
    • Improves physical performance and endurance

    Research Findings

    Multiple studies have validated 5,7-DMF’s effects. In muscle tissue, it has been shown to:[9,10]

    Anti-inflammatory Effects of 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone

    Analysis of inflammatory markers showing reduced inflammation with 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone treatment in muscle tissue.[9]

    • Increase mitochondrial biogenesis
    • Enhance glycogen synthesis and storage
    • Activate protein synthesis pathways
    • Support healthy inflammatory signaling

    In cellular studies, researchers found that 5,7-DMF:[10]

    • Activates AMPK signaling
    • Promotes glucose uptake
    • Enhances fat oxidation
    • Supports mitochondrial function

    This is basically everything we like in a pro-metabolic, sports nutrition ingredient! Now let’s dig into what else KP has to offer:

  • Mechanisms of Action: Metabolic Enhancement

    The performance and body composition benefits of black ginger extract can be attributed to several well-researched cellular pathways. Research has revealed multiple mechanisms through which black ginger’s polymethoxyflavones drive improvements in energy production, metabolic function, and muscle protein synthesis.

    Magnum Limitless X16 Supreme Pre-Workout

    Magnum Nutraceuticals Limitless X16 pre-workout is on the next level with Aura Scientific’s EndoFlo for mind-blowing pumps, NeuroRush for added energy and laser focus, and so much more.

    AMPK Pathway Activation

    At the core of black ginger’s metabolic effects is its ability to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), often called the body’s “metabolic master switch”.[10]

    When activated, AMPK triggers several beneficial metabolic cascades:

    • Enhanced glucose uptake into muscle cells
    • Increased fatty acid oxidation
    • Improved metabolic flexibility
    • Greater cellular energy efficiency

    Enhanced Mitochondrial Function

    Black ginger extract drives significant improvements in mitochondrial function through multiple complementary pathways.[13]

    Research has identified several key mitochondrial enhancements:

    • Increased mitochondrial DNA expression
    • Enhanced mitochondrial density in muscle tissue
    • Upregulated PGC-1α expression
    • Improved mitochondrial biogenesis
    5,7-Dimethoxyflavone's Impact on Mitochondrial Biogenesis

    Gene expression analysis showing enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis markers with 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone supplementation.[9]

    These mitochondrial improvements lead to greater ATP production capacity and enhanced cellular energy availability during exercise.[10]

    Muscle Protein Synthesis Support

    Beyond its energy-producing effects, black ginger extract activates key pathways involved in muscle protein synthesis and maintenance. Research shows that it stimulates the PI3K/Akt pathway, which plays a crucial role in:[9]

    5,7-Dimethoxyflavone's Impact on Muscle Mass and Structure

    Changes in hindlimb volume and muscle fiber cross-sectional area showing 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone’s effects on muscle composition.[9]

    • Muscle protein synthesis
    • Prevention of protein breakdown
    • Muscle growth and maintenance
    • Exercise recovery support

    Enhanced Substrate Utilization

    Black ginger improves how the body processes and uses various energy sources. Studies demonstrate that it enhances:[11]

    • Glucose uptake and metabolism
    • Glycogen storage capacity
    • Fat oxidation efficiency
    • Metabolic flexibility between fuel sources

    This improved metabolic flexibility allows for better sustained energy production during both high-intensity and endurance activities.

    Thermogenic Activation

    Research has uncovered that black ginger can enhance energy expenditure through activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT).[14,15]

    Black Ginger's Effect on Energy Expenditure in High vs Low BAT Groups

    Area-under-the-curve (AUC) analysis showing Kaempferia Parviflora extract’s significant impact on energy expenditure, especially in subjects with high brown adipose tissue (BAT) levels.[14]

    This thermogenic effect works through:

    • Increased BAT activation
    • Enhanced energy expenditure
    • Improved metabolic rate
    • Greater caloric burn

    Through these multiple, complementary pathways, black ginger extract creates a powerful metabolic-enhancing effect that supports both performance and body composition goals.

    5,7-Dimethoxyflavone's Impact on Mitochondrial Biogenesis

    Gene expression analysis showing enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis markers with 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone supplementation.[9]

    Next, let’s get into the blood flow effects:

  • Mechanisms of Action: Vascular Function Enhancement

    Beyond its metabolic effects, black ginger extract demonstrates remarkable abilities to enhance blood flow and vascular function through multiple complementary pathways. Research has uncovered several mechanisms through which black ginger’s bioactive compounds support healthy circulation and vessel function.

    5,7-Dimethoxyflavone's Effects on Muscle Protein Synthesis Pathways

    Western blot analysis showing activation of PI3K-Akt and mTOR pathways by 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone, key regulators of muscle protein synthesis.[9]

    Smooth Muscle Relaxation

    One of black ginger’s primary circulatory benefits comes from its ability to promote healthy vascular smooth muscle relaxation. Research shows that the polymethoxyflavones in black ginger extract can:[21]

    • Support normal calcium handling in vascular tissue
    • Promote balanced smooth muscle tone
    • Enhance vessel diameter regulation
    • Support healthy vascular resistance

    Enhanced Endothelial Function

    The vascular endothelium plays a crucial role in regulating blood flow, and research shows that black ginger extract provides significant support for healthy endothelial function. Studies demonstrate that KP extract can:]

    • Support endothelial cell signaling
    • Promote healthy endothelial response
    • Enhance vascular tone regulation
    • Maintain normal endothelial function

    Calcium Channel Modulation

    Research has revealed that black ginger’s polymethoxyflavones can help regulate calcium channels in vascular tissue. This effect helps support:[21]

    Black Ginger's Impact on Calcium Signaling in Heart Tissue

    Effects of KP extract at various concentrations on calcium transients in ventricular myocytes, compared to sildenafil citrate and saline control.[25]

    • Normal calcium influx into smooth muscle cells
    • Healthy vascular smooth muscle contraction
    • Balanced vessel tone
    • Optimal circulatory function

    Enhanced Blood Flow to Muscle Tissue

    The combined effects of these vascular mechanisms result in significantly improved blood flow to working muscles. Studies show that black ginger supplementation can enhance:[25]

    • Blood flow during exercise
    • Nutrient delivery to muscle tissue
    • Metabolic waste removal
    • Exercise performance and recovery
  • Antioxidant & Anti-Inflammatory Support

    The methoxyflavones in Black Ginger provide potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory support through multiple complementary pathways.[26] Research shows these compounds help support healthy inflammatory responses throughout the body and protect cells against oxidative stress and free radical damage. It enhances antioxidant enzyme activity, promoting cellular health and function.[26]

    This multi-faceted support for vascular function helps explain many of black ginger’s benefits for athletic performance, recovery, and overall circulatory health. When combined with its metabolic-enhancing properties, these blood flow effects make black ginger extract a remarkably comprehensive performance-supporting ingredient.

Research-Backed Safety and Toxicology

With increased interest in Kaempferia parviflora supplementation, researchers have conducted several safety analyses to ensure its proper use. The research demonstrates an impressive safety profile for black ginger extract, with multiple human and animal studies supporting its responsible consumption.

Black Ginger's Dual Pathways for Performance Enhancement

Schematic showing how K. parviflora enhances muscle strength and endurance through both antioxidant and vascular pathways.[4]

  • Human Safety Research

    Multiple clinical trials have evaluated black ginger’s safety profile in humans. In a randomized controlled trial, healthy subjects consumed 180mg of KP extract daily for 12 weeks with no serious adverse events or concerning changes in blood chemistry, showing it was well-tolerated.[12]

    Building upon this research, another 12-week study used a higher dose of 360mg KP extract per day, which was also found to be safe and did not produce any significant adverse effects or alterations in clinical blood markers.[8]

  • Long-Term Animal Safety Data

    Comprehensive animal safety studies provide additional confidence in black ginger’s safety profile. In a 6-month chronic toxicity study, researchers administered KP extract to rats at doses up to 500 mg/kg body weight per day — about 100 times higher than typical human dosing. The study found no toxic effects or concerning changes in blood chemistry, organ function, or tissue analysis.[27]

  • Recommended Dosing

    Based on the available research, effective and well-tolerated doses of KP extract typically range from 100-180mg per day for general use. Higher doses up to 360mg daily have also been safely used in clinical research settings.[4,8] These doses are beyond what’s in EndoFlo, which comes with three other blood flow increasing constituents!

    For first-time users, it’s recommended to start at the lower end of the dosing range to assess individual tolerance. As with any supplement, consult with a qualified healthcare provider before beginning use, especially if you have any pre-existing medical conditions or are taking medications.

Black Ginger in EndoFlo

EndoFlo Logo

While black ginger is impressive as a standalone ingredient, its inclusion in EndoFlo represents a strategic formulation decision by Aura Scientific. The extract works synergistically with the formula’s other constituents to enhance overall effects on blood flow and performance.

Synergistic Effects with Other EndoFlo Ingredients

Black ginger’s primary mechanisms complement the other ingredients in EndoFlo through multiple pathways:

  • Mango fruit extract and mangiferin combined with black ginger both help support healthy inflammatory pathways, amplifying the beneficial effects.[26]
  • Pine bark extract has proanthocyanidins that when combined with black ginger’s methoxyflavones provide enhanced antioxidant support.
  • Ginkgo biloba and black ginger work through separate yet complementary pathways to enhance blood flow.

Dosing in EndoFlo

Aura Scientific EndoFlo Sample

Just one capsule brings some solid stimulant-free bolt-on pump effects

Within EndoFlo’s formula, black ginger is dosed conservatively yet effectively. The clinical research shows KP provides benefits at doses ranging from 90-360mg per day for enhanced physical performance.[12]

EndoFlo has 300 milligrams per dose, and black ginger is the second ingredient, making it likely to achieve the lower end of the clinical doses discussed in this article. As part of EndoFlo’s proprietary blend, black ginger works in concert with the other ingredients rather than requiring the higher standalone doses used in single-ingredient studies.

For more information on EndoFlo’s complete formulation and the synergistic effects of all four ingredients, see our in-depth EndoFlo ingredient analysis.

Conclusion: Black Ginger – The Energetic Force Behind EndoFlo

Black ginger is far more than just another “Asian herb” – research demonstrates that this powerhouse botanical drives real-world benefits through multiple complementary pathways. The research conclusively shows that it can:

  • Support healthy energy expenditure and metabolism
  • Enhance endurance and physical performance
  • Work through both thermogenic and mitochondrial pathways
  • Help maintain healthy inflammatory response
  • Support vascular function

Aura Scientific

When included in EndoFlo, black ginger’s mechanisms synergize with the formula’s other ingredients, making it a key player in the supplement’s clinically-validated effects. Its ability to enhance blood flow and boost energy metabolism make it especially valuable for athletes and exercise enthusiasts looking to optimize their training.

While we’re excited about black ginger as a standalone ingredient, its inclusion in EndoFlo alongside mango fruit extract, ginkgo biloba, and pine bark extract creates a comprehensive approach to vascular health and performance enhancement. To learn more about how these ingredients work together, see our main EndoFlo ingredient analysis, and check out our introductory Aura Scientific article to see the other great stuff they’ve cooked up in a short amount of time!

Subscribe to PricePlow's Newsletter and Alerts on These Topics

Topic Blog Posts YouTube Videos Instagram Posts
Aura Scientific
EndoFlo

About the Author: PricePlow Staff

PricePlow Staff

PricePlow is a team of supplement industry veterans that include medical students, competitive strength athletes, and scientific researchers who all became involved with dieting and supplements out of personal need.

The team's collective experiences and research target athletic performance and body composition goals, relying on low-toxicity meat-based diets.

No Comments | Posted in , , | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , .

References

  1. Yenjai, Chavi et al. “Bioactive flavonoids from Kaempferia parviflora.” Fitoterapia vol. 75,1 (2004): 89-92. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2003.08.017. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14693228/
  2. Chen, Dalin, et al. “Kaempferia Parviflora and Its Methoxyflavones: Chemistry and Biological Activities.” Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2018, 16 Dec. 2018, pp. 1–15, doi:10.1155/2018/4057456. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1155/2018/4057456
  3. Akase, Tomoko, et al. “Antiobesity Effects of Kaempferia Parviflora in Spontaneously Obese Type II Diabetic Mice.” Journal of Natural Medicines, vol. 65, no. 1, 3 Sept. 2010, pp. 73–80, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-010-0461-2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20814753/
  4. Wattanathorn, Jintanaporn et al. “Positive Modulation Effect of 8-Week Consumption of Kaempferia parviflora on Health-Related Physical Fitness and Oxidative Status in Healthy Elderly Volunteers.” Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM vol. 2012 (2012): 732816. doi:10.1155/2012/732816. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3415259/
  5. Saokaew, Surasak et al. “Clinical Effects of Krachaidum ( Kaempferia parviflora): A Systematic Review.” Journal of evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine vol. 22,3 (2017): 413-428. doi:10.1177/2156587216669628. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5871153/
  6. Sutthanut, K et al. “Simultaneous identification and quantitation of 11 flavonoid constituents in Kaempferia parviflora by gas chromatography.” Journal of chromatography. A vol. 1143,1-2 (2007): 227-33. doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.033. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17266972/
  7. Yoshino, Susumu et al. “Daily intake of Kaempferia parviflora extract decreases abdominal fat in overweight and preobese subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.” Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy vol. 11 447-458. 28 Aug. 2018, doi:10.2147/DMSO.S169925. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6120512/
  8. Sripanidkulchai, Bungorn et al. “Supplementation of Kaempferia parviflora Extract Enhances Physical Fitness and Modulates Parameters of Heart Rate Variability in Adolescent Student-Athletes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study.” Journal of dietary supplements vol. 19,2 (2022): 149-167. doi:10.1080/19390211.2020.1852356. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33272042/
  9. Kim, Changhee, and Jae-Kwan Hwang. “The 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone Suppresses Sarcopenia by Regulating Protein Turnover and Mitochondria Biogenesis-Related Pathways.” Nutrients vol. 12,4 1079. 13 Apr. 2020, doi:10.3390/nu12041079. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7230989/
  10. Toda, Kazuya et al. “Black ginger extract increases physical fitness performance and muscular endurance by improving inflammation and energy metabolism.” Heliyon vol. 2,5 e00115. 24 May. 2016, doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00115. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4946221/
  11. Huang, Jiapeng et al. “Black Ginger (Kaempferia parviflora) Extract Enhances Endurance Capacity by Improving Energy Metabolism and Substrate Utilization in Mice.” Nutrients vol. 14,18 3845. 17 Sep. 2022, doi:10.3390/nu14183845. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9501856/
  12. Promthep, Kreeta et al. “Effect of Kaempferia parviflora Extract on Physical Fitness of Soccer Players: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.” Medical science monitor basic research vol. 21 100-8. 6 May. 2015, doi:10.12659/MSMBR.894301. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4538785/
  13. Kim, Mi-Bo, et al. “Standardized Kaempferia Parviflora Extract Enhances Exercise Performance through Activation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis.” Journal of Medicinal Food, vol. 21, no. 1, Jan. 2018, pp. 30–38, doi:10.1089/jmf.2017.3989. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29125913/
  14. Matsushita, Mami, et al. “Kaempferia Parviflora Extract Increases Whole-Body Energy Expenditure in Humans: Roles of Brown Adipose Tissue.” Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, vol. 61, no. 1, 2015, pp. 79–83, doi:10.3177/jnsv.61.79. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnsv/61/1/61_79/_article
  15. Yoshino, Susumu, et al. “Kaempferia Parviflora Extract Increases Energy Consumption through Activation of BAT in Mice.” Food Science & Nutrition, vol. 2, no. 6, 15 July 2014, pp. 634–637, doi:10.1002/fsn3.144. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4256566/
  16. Kobayashi, Hiroko, et al. “Effects of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Kaempferia Parviflora on Brown Adipose Tissue.” Journal of Natural Medicines, vol. 70, no. 1, 19 Sept. 2015, pp. 54–61, doi:10.1007/s11418-015-0936-2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26386971/
  17. Stein, Richard A., et al. “Kaempferia Parviflora Ethanol Extract Improves Self-Assessed Sexual Health in Men: A Pilot Study.” Journal of Integrative Medicine, vol. 16, no. 4, July 2018, pp. 249–254, doi:10.1016/j.joim.2018.05.005. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29880257/
  18. Panakaporn Wannanon, et al. “Efficacy Assessment of Kaempferia Parviflora for the Management of Erectile Dysfunction.” Online Journal of Biological Sciences, vol. 12, no. 4, 1 Apr. 2012, pp. 149–155, doi:10.3844/ojbsci.2012.149.155. https://thescipub.com/abstract/ojbsci.2012.149.155
  19. Chaturapanich, G, et al. “Effects of Kaempferia Parviflora Extracts on Reproductive Parameters and Spermatic Blood Flow in Male Rats.” Reproduction, vol. 136, no. 4, Oct. 2008, pp. 515–522, doi:10.1530/rep-08-0069. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18614624/
  20. Wattanapitayakul, Suvara K., et al. “Kaempferia Parviflora Ethanolic Extract Promoted [NO] Production in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 110, no. 3, Apr. 2007, pp. 559–562, doi:10.1016/j.jep.2006.09.037. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17113256/
  21. Tep-areenan, Patcharin, et al. “Possible Mechanisms of Vasorelaxation for 5,7-Dimethoxyflavone from Kaempferia Parviflora in the Rat Aorta.” Phytotherapy Research, vol. 24, no. 10, 1 June 2010, pp. 1520–1525, doi:10.1002/ptr.3164. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.3164
  22. Jin, Solee, and Mi-Young Lee. “Kaempferia Parviflora Extract as a Potential Anti-Acne Agent with Anti-Inflammatory, Sebostatic and Anti-Propionibacterium Acnes Activity.” International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 19, no. 11, 3 Nov. 2018, p. 3457, doi:10.3390/ijms19113457. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6274695/
  23. Malakul, Wachirawadee, et al. “Effects of Kaempferia Parviflora Wall. Ex Baker on Endothelial Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 133, no. 2, 27 Jan. 2011, pp. 371–377, doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.011. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20959137/
  24. Sawasdee, Pattara, et al. “Anticholinesterase Activity of 7-Methoxyflavones Isolated from Kaempferia Parviflora.” Phytotherapy Research, vol. 23, no. 12, 22 June 2009, pp. 1792–1794, doi:10.1002/ptr.2858. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19548291/
  25. Weerateerangkul, Punate, et al. “Effects of Kaempferia Parviflora Wall. Ex. Baker and Sildenafil Citrate on CGMP Level, Cardiac Function, and Intracellular Ca2+ Regulation in Rat Hearts.” Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, vol. 60, no. 3, Sept. 2012, pp. 299–309, doi:10.1097/fjc.0b013e3182609a52. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22691878/
  26. Sae-wong, Chutha, et al. “Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of Kaempferia Parviflora in Murine Macrophage Cells (RAW 264.7) and in Experimental Animals.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 124, no. 3, July 2009, pp. 576–580, doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.04.059. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19439175/
  27. Songpol Chivapat, et al. “Chronic Toxicity Study of Kaempferia Parviflora Wall Ex. Extract.” The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine, vol. 40, no. 4, 2015, pp. 377–383. https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tjvm/article/view/35774

Comments and Discussion (Powered by the PricePlow Forum)