PricePlow’s Best Fat Burner Buyer’s Guide, with 2020’s Top 5

To the casual consumer, fat burners are intimidating and confusing. With good reason, too — 99% of them are admittedly total garbage.

There’s simply way too much noise out there, from brands using ineffective ingredients, overly dangerous formulas, or just running online marketing scams. Google’s no help either — searching for best fat burner is spammed to the high heavens.

Most products are trash… but the ones on this page aren’t.

But there’s good news: in that other 1% of products lay a hidden gold mine.

There are a number of ingredients that work to help your body burn more fat than it normally would — and when they’re mixed responsibly and effectively, you can safely get a serious yet natural boost to your metabolism.

Stealing from the best: Sports nutrition companies

The products discussed on this page are not going to be seen on your daytime television programs. Most of those fat burners don’t burn fat, despite their claims.

Instead, we stick to products from the sports nutrition industry, where we can find the right ingredients in doses that actually work. Not online affiliate scams that get your credit card charged every month.

The Best Burners on the Market

Note that this list is based upon a team-based decision process after several fat burner runs over the years, and our opinion is not for sale at any price. For the most part, we prefer the low-to-moderate caffeine fat burners that have extra “feel” to them.

As full disclosure, we have received free samples of nearly every product on this page. We judge each product on its own merits (value, efficacy, labeling disclosure, and quality), and never let free samples sway our opinions. Using a team-based approach, we judge each product on merits of value, efficacy, labeling disclosure, and quality, and our opinions are never swayed by free samples.

The Top 5 Fat Burners without “crazy stimulants”

Many fat burners in this category begin to look the same after a while, so we did our best to show a good variation of effects and profiles.

Subscribe to PricePlow on YouTube!

  1. 5. Cutler Nutrition – Sculpt

    Run by 4x Mr. Olympia Jay Cutler, there’s been an incredible resurgence from Jay and his brand Cutler Nutrition, which he now fully owns and runs. Part of that resurgence is the Sculpt fat burner, which brings a little bit of everything, from nootropic focus to moderate caffeine to glucose disposal to thermogenic heat.

    Sculpt is the “safe play” on this list if you’re looking for results but nothing too crazy one way or another. Jay told us he’s not putting out any “stim bombs”, and he delivered on his word here.

    Cutler Nutrition Sculpt – Deals and Price Drop Alerts

    Get Price Alerts

    No spam, no scams.

    Disclosure: PricePlow relies on pricing from stores with which we have a business relationship. We work hard to keep pricing current, but you may find a better offer.

    Posts are sponsored in part by the retailers and/or brands listed on this page.

  2. 4. Genius Burn by The Genius Brand

    Genius Burn

    Genius Burn is a well-dosed caffeine-free fat burner that enhances weight loss and improves mood and focus, with ALL trusted, trademarked ingredients.

    TL;DR: Caffeine-Free, but not stimulant-free, focus and stress control.

    Now how about a caffeine-free (but not stimulant-free!) option.

    We’ve been loving The Genius Brand because of the potent and unique formulas they bring, despite the cost being a bit higher than a lot of other brands out there.

    This one goes after focus, feeling good, and reducing cortisol levels with a combination of KSM-66 Ashwagandha, CDP Choline, Theacrine, TheaKalm L-Theanine, and Huperzine A.

    On the “fat burning” side, you have an ingredient to keep blood sugar lower (GS4 Plus Gymnema Sylvestre Extract) and Capsimax for capsaicin from red hot peppers.

    And if you want to add your energy, you can always just drink your coffee, take a zero-carb energy drink, or even try their Genius Caffeine product!

    So this is our low-stim option, but maybe some of you are looking for some stress-relief to avoid over-eating the carbs, and don’t want to ditch the energy drink, pre workout, or black coffee.

    The Genius Brand Genius Burn – Deals and Price Drop Alerts

    Get Price Alerts

    No spam, no scams.

    Disclosure: PricePlow relies on pricing from stores with which we have a business relationship. We work hard to keep pricing current, but you may find a better offer.

    Posts are sponsored in part by the retailers and/or brands listed on this page.

    Genius Burn Ingredients

    As you can see, Genius Burn contains no caffeine, but does have Theacrine for longer-lasting add-on energy.

  3. 3. Nutrex Lipo-6 Dynamix

    Lipo-6 Dynamix

    A feel-good fat burning drink!

    Our first of two different fat burning drinks on this list, this one’s added for the feels. Meaning, it’s a fantastic mood booster.

    Lipo-6 Dynamix has the proprietary Lipo-6 blend, which is good but we’d love to see what’s inside, but more importantly, it has a high dose of Dynamine, the next generation stimulant that was recently given Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status.

    It provides a great buzz, but we’ve never had a crash from it. And there’s a fantastic choline blend for focus, which gives great feel as well.

    The one drawback is that high-dose Dynamine doesn’t taste great, but Nutrex does a good job covering it up. Overall, this one’s got some bite, but the mood and productivity boost is worth it. It’s our “fat burner to use when we want a fun and focused energy drink”.

    Nutrex Lipo-6 Dynamix – Deals and Price Drop Alerts

    Get Price Alerts

    No spam, no scams.

    Disclosure: PricePlow relies on pricing from stores with which we have a business relationship. We work hard to keep pricing current, but you may find a better offer.

    Posts are sponsored in part by the retailers and/or brands listed on this page.

  4. 2. Ghost Burn

    Ghost Burn Lineup

    When it comes to fat burners, you really can’t do much better than Burn – a great-tasting, effectively-dosed fat-burning powder!

    The beauty of using a fat burning powder? You can pack it with tons of active ingredients. When it comes to Ghost Burn, you simply won’t find this kind of dosing in a capsule. The team at Ghost aren’t only putting together trademarked flavors like Sour Warheads and flashy labels – they’re dosing the lights out of these formulas!

    And with Ghost Burn, we get efficacious doses of not only thermogenics like grains of paradise and energy boosters like synephrine, but mitochondria-boosting fat transport helpers like L-Carnitine, whose clinical doses (2g or more) simply wouldn’t fit in a capsule supplement! Same goes for the Choline and a full dose of KSM-66 Ashwagandha to reduce cortisol too!

    No doubt, the powder has some Burn to it — the spices inside must be drank, and it’s quite interesting mixing them with the sweet tropical Mango flavor or the Sour Warheads Watermelon flavor (this ended up being Mike’s favorite).

    If you’re looking for a drink to get you fired up and cover a ton of your bases, this is the one.

    Ghost Burn – Deals and Price Drop Alerts

    Get Price Alerts

    No spam, no scams.

    Disclosure: PricePlow relies on pricing from stores with which we have a business relationship. We work hard to keep pricing current, but you may find a better offer.

    Posts are sponsored in part by the retailers and/or brands listed on this page.

    Ghost Burn Ingredients

    Ghost Burn comes in heavywith carnitine, but the fun doesn’t stop there – this entire label is loaded!

  5. 1. SteelFit Shredded Steel

    Wow! This one caught us way off guard, and we’re so happy it did.

    SteelFit Shredded Steel Label

    We were also excited when
    the epic Shredded Steel came out with some iodine. Stack it in from some bigtime shredding!

    At just 150mg caffeine in three capsules, this is definitely a low-caffeine option compared to the competition. But it certainly isn’t low-energy, because there’s a whopping 10mg yohimbine, which gets us insanely wired in!

    As SteelFit always does, there are a ton of ingredients going on inside. There’s a new purple tea extract named Alluvia inside, a solid 300mg KSM-66 Ashwagandha to keep cortisol down, but the real story is how they added iodine in the form of Kelp. With so much low-level iodine deficiency anymore (due to competing chlorine and fluoride in our water, bromine in our bread, and fewer people using iodized salt), our thyroids are collectively slowing down, and fat loss and metabolism slows with that.

    So the iodine alone may light a few people up! Obviously, however, this isn’t one for the yohimbine-sensitive… but it also encouraged Mike to finally try more than 5mg of ‘Y’, and it sure worked!!

    What a fantastic feeling, incredible working, appetite crushing fat burner.

    SteelFit Shredded Steel – Deals and Price Drop Alerts

    Get Price Alerts

    No spam, no scams.

    Disclosure: PricePlow relies on pricing from stores with which we have a business relationship. We work hard to keep pricing current, but you may find a better offer.

    Posts are sponsored in part by the retailers and/or brands listed on this page.

[This marks the end of the Top 10 Fat Burners *without* aggressive stimulants. You can click the back button to return, or see the more aggressive ones below.]

Stop! This marks the end of your selection section!

Now for some legacy content, such as an alternative fat burning method where legal:

The ECA Stack

The ECA Stack

A common E-C stack

You might recognize ephedrine as the “scary” chemical that comes from ephedra and is used to make methamphetamine (you’ve seen Breaking Bad, right?), but when used in isolation with just caffeine, it happens to be extremely effective and quite safe.

In case you don’t believe us, we have nearly a dozen well-performed research studies to back that statement up. But first, a quick statement:

Ephedrine vs. “Ephedra Pills”

Since ephedrine was banned from supplements in 2004, Hi-Tech Pharmaceuticals, who sells today’s legal ephedra pills, removes the banned ephedrine alkaloids from the pills, and replaces them with other stimulants and ephedrine-like PEA alkaloids from acacia rigidula extract.

You can read the entire updated story on our massive Ephedra update post, which shows the research. Otherwise, keep reading for the EC stack:

The Ephedrine Research

Ephedrine stimulates lipolysis by interacting with beta-adrenergic receptors, releasing fatty acids for energy usage.[40] It’s quite thermogenic in brown fat cells[41], meaning that it significantly increases your energy expenditure as heat, and even boosts the human metabolic rate by 5%![42]

This all translates to notable amounts of weight loss – both in the short and long term, and it’s mostly due to fat loss. This has been backed up by numerous well-performed studies on top of the ones above.[40,43,44,45]

Add caffeine? Yes.

Adding some amount of caffeine (never more than 200mg at a time) is almost a no-brainer with this one: every study that’s compared ephedrine alone to ephedrine + caffeine has shown that together, caffeine and ephedrine are far more effective.[46,47,48]

What are the side effects of Ephedrine?

This is where you have some decisions to make. First, note that adding caffeine will increase side effects compared to what’s mentioned in a few of the studies cited below. Aspirin can also add its own side effects, so we don’t stack that in normally.

With those disclaimers, the good news is that when it’s used in appropriate doses, there’s actually a comforting lack of major side effects in several of the studies cited above.[47,48]

In one study, researchers reported side effects were tremor, insomnia, and dizziness, but they were short-lasting — after eight weeks, side effects reached the same levels as placebo.[48]. This was likely to the study jumping right into a slightly aggressive dosage, which is why we don’t recommend doing that in the dosage strategy below.

On top of that, another trial done on adolescents even reported it as a “safe and effective compound for the treatment of obesity in adolescents”.[49]

Other notes:

  • Watch out for the blood pressure bump

    The biggest concern for some, however, is the initial increase in blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic) and heart rate when combining ephedrine and caffeine. However, even those eventually fell.[48]

    With that said, anyone with any type of cardiovascular concerns is best to stay away from this stack.

  • What about withdrawal? Opinions are mixed

    This area may stir up some controversy. Ephedrine is a compound that your body doesn’t “get used to” in terms of burning fat, and some studies have had users on it for long periods of time.[134] However, we still recommend cycling off of it after eight weeks of use.

    Despite some studies mentioning a lack of withdrawal symptoms when discontinuing[47] or mild withdrawal symptoms[49], we would beg to differ.

    Anecdotally speaking, going from 8 weeks of ephedrine + caffeine use back down to zero stimulants can be better described as “not fun” to “brutal” depending on the person you ask. 8 weeks is the recommended length of a cycle, with a month off in between.

    However, quitting any stimulant cold turkey is never a fun task. The longer you’re on it, the more likely your withdrawal symptoms will be rough.

To add the “A” (aspirin) or not?

Opinions are mixed as to whether or not Aspirin should be added to ephedrine and caffeine (taking all three together is known as the ECA Stack).

Aspirin is added because it is a prostaglandin inhibitor, and that works to boost the effect of ephedrine (prostaglandins provide for a negative feedback mechanism that dampens ephedrine’s strength).[50]

In addition, aspirin prevents blood clotting, which is a theoretical potential side effect of ephedrine.

The issue is that aspirin adds its own slew of side effects, and the pros do not outweigh the cons for most users.

Numerous studies cited above have shown that EC works extremely well without it. Do you really need to confound the issue with added aspirin? That’s up to you, but in our opinion, our final answer is no to aspirin.

Consider Fish Oil Instead

Instead of aspirin, most users opt to stack it with fish oil, which is a great supplement that we recommend regardless anyway (unless your fish intake is quite high). Fish oil contains the same anti-clotting mechanisms while not causing the same organ side effects as aspirin.

When it comes to these products, we recommend those with high DHA / high EPA levels. Some links are provided in the next section for purchasing recommendations:

How to buy the ECA Stack

  1. Caffeine is the easy part

    You can see a myriad of products on our caffeine page.

    We don’t suggest you “ballpark” it with coffee – get the right dosage and avoid unnecessary issues.

  2. Ephedrine, however, may be tougher to get.

    In America, you’ll need to head to your local pharmacy and see what they have in the breathing relief / asthma section.

    There are two major choices:

    1. Bronkaid

      The primary choice by most users is Bronkaid. Each caplet contains 25mg of ephedrine sulfate and 400mg Guaifenesin, which is an expectorant.

    2. Primatene

      The second option is Primatene, which contains 12.5mg Ephedrine HCl and 200mg Guaifenesin.

      It’s not as well-known as Bronkaid, but if your pharmacy has it, then it’s the go-to. We like the small doses for more precise customization at the low-end dose.

    The legal part

    Ephedrine is not in any supplements you’ll find on PricePlow because it’s more of an “over the counter drug” than a dietary supplement, per the FDA. They’re sold as asthma medications (hence the expectorant being added).

    Ephedrine has to be highly regulated due to illicit drug manufacturers, which is probably another reason the expectorant is added. Americans can expect your pharmacist to ask for ID and record your information. There’s a maximum quantity you can buy per month.

  3. Fish Oil, if not using Aspirin

    We like high-DHA, high-EPA fish oil. These are the two fatty acid chains that have been shown to provide the most actual benefits from fish oil.

    You can read about them on our DHA and EPA pages.

  4. Baby / low-dose aspirin

    If you do decide to get aspirin, make sure it’s a baby aspirin. This is typically an 81mg dose, and some bottles are labeled “low-dose” instead of “baby” now.

    You do NOT take it with every dosage (see dosage discussion below).

    Our Bayer Low-Dose Aspirin page scours for the prices within Amazon.

EC / ECA Stack dosage

As always, start light!

We recommend beginning with a single dosage of

  • 12.5mg ephedrine
  • 100mg caffeine

…just once in day 1 to assess. You can slowly working up from there and tracking your progress.

Our preferred dosage:

With all things considered, we prefer to peak out at this dosage, twice per day:

  • 25mg ephedrine
  • 200mg caffeine
Aspirin, if used, is once per day and low / baby dose

Once again, if you’ve chosen to go with aspirin, use one baby aspirin (81mg) once per day. We still recommend against it in favor of a standard fish oil dosage.

Max dosage, with caveats

The maximum scientifically-backed dosage is three times per day:

  • 20mg ephedrine
  • 200mg caffeine
Our issue with the “max” dosage

Note that the above is the max dosage, and it has a questionable amount of caffeine, since 600mg caffeine per day is well into the bothersome side effect range for caffeine.

When reviewing the data available, recommendations from Health Canada state that 6mg per kg of bodyweight per day is a quality maximum.[51] That converts to 500mg caffeine for a standard 185lb male, and we don’t recommend going too much higher, especially if you are heavier.

Just because you’re heavier doesn’t mean your cardiovascular can handle much more, so take the recommendation above[51] with a grain of salt – it should probably be applied to lean body mass, not total mass.

Be safe, folks, and don’t ruin it for everyone else!

So why don’t I ever read about this stuff?

Although the stack sounds quite intense, all of the research cited backs up the notion that ephedrine is actually more beneficial to heart-healthy individuals than it is dangerous.

So why don’t you ever read about this anywhere?

The answer is simple: Money.

Since it’s no longer produced a supplement and is only sold as a drug (by pharmaceutical companies that really can’t make any claims using the research cited above), basically nobody stands to make much money from it. That includes us here at PricePlow.

So why would any major publication ever write about it?

That said, we’re PricePlow and we’ believe in presenting all sides. It wouldn’t be fair for us to put together a page on “Best Fat Burner” and not include a serious discussion on the EC or ECA stack.

If you are going to go this route, read the research, understand the side effects, get a full physical, talk to your doctor, get their written consent, and then and only then, start at a very low dosage.

The point being, you will get very little “corporate” support beyond that, and are a bit on your own from there.

What about “ECY”? (adding yohimbine)

If you’re a seriously aggressive / advanced user and have already successfully run a couple of EC cycles, you can optionally add yohimbine HCl. Yohimbine targets different receptors (alpha-2) than ephedrine, and helps prevent fat storage[86,87] whereas ephedrine is busy burning existing fat stores via your beta-2 adrenergic receptors.

They’re both thermogenic, however, and that might be too much to handle for a lot of people — especially beginners.

So if you’ve never run an “EC” stack first or you don’t know exactly what you’re capable of handling, don’t try ECY yet. Run eight weeks on EC, and then on your next cycle, you can consider a light yohimbine dosage to assess the difference.

[This marks the end of the ECA stack. You can click the back button to go back to where you came from.]

Stop! This marks the end of your selection section!

Fat Burner Scams: The stuff that doesn’t work:

Stay away from Shady Scams and Rebills!

Remember… just because it’s on afternoon TV doesn’t mean it’s true!

Below is a list of products that are not at all proven to burn fat in humans, yet are frequently marketed to do so:

  • Acai Berry

    A great antioxidant, but by now, we hope you realize that it has no proven fat burning potential[90] and was a massive scam back in 2007 through 2011.[91]

  • Raspberry Ketones

    Marketing is based on test tube research and rat studies that use astronomical dosages, and still isn’t very significant.[92] The amount it would take to possibly burn fat would be a whole lot more than fits in a few pills, and test tube results (in vitro) have never been replicated in the human body (in vivo). In short, it’s a massive online marketing scam.

  • Green Coffee Bean Extract

    Conan Dr. Oz

    Conan basically sums up our thoughts on Dr. Oz right here…

    The “successful” weight loss studies are based on shady research that has been biased by supplement manufacturers and confounded with other ingredients that are already known to work.

    The chlorogenic acid inside is great for the heart (can lower blood pressure and such), but there’s no quality link between this ingredient and fat loss.[93]

  • CLA

    For every pro-CLA study, there are two more that show insignificant or negative results.[94-104] Overall, its too weak to make a big deal of. Most of us get enough of these “healthy fats” that we needn’t worry about it. Spend your money elsewhere.

  • African Mango

    Otherwise known as Irvingia gabonensis, this one has some benefits similar to fiber that enables users to eat less when taken in very large doses, such as 1.05g before each meal.[105] It does not function as a fat burner, and other forms of fiber, such as glucomannan, are more cost-effective.[106]

  • Garcinia Cambogia

    Despite some evidence that it helps mice, human studies have proven it to be worthless for humans.[107,108] Unlike most other supplements on this list, garcinia seems to have no effects on any health parameters – weight and bodyfat included.

  • L-Carnitine

    L-Carnitine only works for fat loss if you’re carnitine deficient, which is most common in vegetarians/vegans and the elderly.[58,59,109] If anything, we suggest taking ALCAR (Acetyl L-Carnitine) because of it’s cognitive focus enhancing benefits.[60] For beef-eaters, however, standard L-Carnitine is relatively useless. But given how many people are actively avoiding red meat anymore, it’s not a bad idea to get it in.

  • Resveratrol

    A great potential anti-aging and cardiovascular protection supplement, but definitely not a fat burner. In fact, it’s been shown to slow metabolic rate and lipid oxidation![110,111] Also terrible to take pre workout, as it diminishes the positive effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system.[112]

  • Chromium Picolinate

    This mineral might help with blood glucose levels to a very small degree, but has not been shown to alter body weight or fat mass in nearly three dozen studies – only a few are cited below.[113,114,115]

Note: if you’d like more information on these, let us know and we can put together a more in-depth post. Until then, check the sources cited!

[This marks the end of our list of ineffective / overrated ingredients. You can click the back button to go back to where you came from.]

Stop! This marks the end of your selection section!

A note to the ladies on “the best fat burner for women”

Hi Ladies! We notice that a lot of women search for the phrase, best fat burners for women, but the results are littered with all kinds of ineffective products.

We are quite honestly not impressed by the vast, vast majority of products marketed exclusively towards females. They cost more, provide less, and use shady emotional tactics to sell them. Not our style here at PricePlow.

Soon we’ll have a separate page for women, but for now, we recommend you stick with our choose your own adventure guide or our top 10 list, except you should avoid the “ALL-OUT ENERGY” choice under the stimulant-based pills section. Those products will overwhelm most large men, let alone everyone else.

No BS here… just fat burning science.

If you want to see ads of cute pink bottles with Photoshopped 21 year old fitness models on them, you came to the wrong site.

But if you want to read about some products and ingredients that actually work (and we have the research cited to back that up) — yet won’t rip you off, then head back to the top and continue through the guide. We’ll find something good for you.

End of rant (for now) – thank you for reading.

(Click here to go back up)

[This marks the end of our rant on fat burner marketing. You can click the back button to go back to where you came from.]

Stop! This marks the end of your selection section!

Thanks! See our other guides!

Thanks for reading! If you haven’t tried our flowchart yet, head over to our “choose your own adventure” section.

If you liked this page, then you’ll love the one for protein, Best Protein Powder Buyer’s Guide and Top 10 List or our popular Best Pre Workout Buyer’s Guide!

Thanks again for reading along – leave comments via the PricePlow forum below.

Fat Burners – Deals and Price Drop Alerts

Get Price Alerts

No spam, no scams.

Disclosure: PricePlow relies on pricing from stores with which we have a business relationship. We work hard to keep pricing current, but you may find a better offer.

Posts are sponsored in part by the retailers and/or brands listed on this page.

About the Author: Mike Roberto

Mike Roberto

Mike Roberto is a research scientist and water sports athlete who founded PricePlow. He is an n=1 diet experimenter with extensive experience in supplementation and dietary modification, whose personal expertise stems from several experiments done on himself while sharing lab tests.

Mike's goal is to bridge the gap between nutritional research scientists and non-academics who seek to better their health in a system that has catastrophically failed the public. Mike is currently experimenting with a low Vitamin A diet.

30 Comments | Posted in , .

References

  1. Duncan, MJ; The effect of caffeine ingestion on mood state and bench press performance to failure.; Department of Biomolecular and Sports Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom; 2011
  2. Childs, E; Subjective, behavioral, and physiological effects of acute caffeine in light, nondependent caffeine users.; University of Chicago; 2006
  3. Hoissain, M; β-Phenylethylamine requires the dopamine transporter to increase extracellular dopamine in Caenorhabditis elegans dopaminergic neurons.; Department of Basic Science, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences; 2014
  4. Nakamura, M; Characterization of beta-phenylethylamine-induced monoamine release in rat nucleus accumbens: a microdialysis study.; Department of Psychology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan; 1998
  5. Janssen, PA; Does phenylethylamine act as an endogenous amphetamine in some patients?; Centre for Molecular Design, Janssen Research Foundation, Belgium
  6. Sutha, S; GC-MS determination of bioactive components of Erythropalum scandens; Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science; 2011
  7. Barwell, C; Deamination of hordenine by monoamine oxidase and its action on vasa deferentia of the rat.; School of Pharmacy, Portsmouth Polytechnic; 1989
  8. Guven, K; Alkaloids in Marine Algae; Istanbul Aydın University; 2010
  9. Ishola, IO; Antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of amentoflavone isolated from Cnestis ferruginea in mice.; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos; 2012
  10. Grundmann, O; Effects of St. John’s wort extract and single constituents on stress-induced hyperthermia in mice.; Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida; 2006
  11. Hansen, RS; Determinants of amentoflavone interaction at the GABA(A) receptor.; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta; 2005
  12. Saponara, R; Inhibition of cAMP-phosphodiesterase by biflavones of Ginkgo biloba in rat adipose tissue.; Institute of Pharmacological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy; 1998
  13. Chandrasekhar K; A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults.; Department of Neuropsychiatry and Geriatric Psychiatry, Asha Hospital; 2012
  14. Cooley, K; Naturopathic care for anxiety: a randomized controlled trial ISRCTN78958974.; Department of Research and Clinical Epidemiology, The Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine; 2009
  15. Andrade, C; A double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of the anxiolytic efficacy ff an ethanolic extract of withania somnifera.; Department of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences; 2000
  16. [Citation Removed]
  17. AMP Citrate – The Next Major Stimulant?; The PricePlow Blog
  18. Companies marketing ephedra dietary supplements that received FDA’s letter Dec. 30, 2003; FDA; 2003
  19. U.S. Marshals seize more than $2 million in adulterated dietary supplements from Georgia company; FDA.gov; Nov. 18, 2013
  20. Grue-Soerensen, G; Biosynthesis of the Ephedra alkaloids: evolution of the C6-C3 skeleton; Jouranl of the American Chemical Society; 1993
  21. Chohachi, K; Ephedroxane, anti-inflammatory principle of Ephedra herbs; Pharmaceutical Institute, Tohoku University; 1978
  22. Caveney, S; New observations on the secondary chemistry of world Ephedra (Ephedraceae).; Department of Zoology, University of Western Ontario; 2001
  23. Baggott, M; Psychopharmacology of theobromine in healthy volunteers; University of Chicago, Psychopharmacology; 2012
  24. Evans, C; N-methyltyramine, a biologically active amine in Acacia seeds; Department of Plant Sciences, King’s College; 1979
  25. Hartung, W; Beta-Phenethylamine Derivatives; Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry; 1945
  26. Lee, S; Acute oral intake of a higenamine-based dietary supplement increases circulating free fatty acids and energy expenditure in human subjects.; Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Cardiorespiratory/Metabolic Laboratory, University of Memphis; 2013
  27. Tsukiyama, M; Beta2-adrenoceptor-mediated tracheal relaxation induced by higenamine from Nandina domestica Thunberg.; Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University; 2009
  28. Perry, B; [3H]rauwolscine (alpha-yohimbine): a specific antagonist radioligand for brain alpha 2-adrenergic receptors.; European Journal of Pharmacology; 1981
  29. Han, H; The effects of black pepper on the intestinal absorption and hepatic metabolism of drugs.; Dongguk University, College of Pharmacy; 2011
  30. Shannon, H; Physiologic effects and plasma kinetics of beta-phenylethylamine and its N-methyl homolog in the dog.; Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; 1982
  31. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); US Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health; 2006 (Updated 2013)
  32. Wang, H; Effects of catechin enriched green tea on body composition.; Unilever R&D; 2010
  33. Maki, K; Green tea catechin consumption enhances exercise-induced abdominal fat loss in overweight and obese adults.; Provident Clinical Research; 2009
  34. Hursel, R; The effects of green tea on weight loss and weight maintenance: a meta-analysis.; Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM) Maastricht University; 2009
  35. Furuyashiki, T; Tea catechin suppresses adipocyte differentiation accompanied by down-regulation of PPARgamma2 and C/EBPalpha in 3T3-L1 cells.; Department of Biofunctional Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University; 2004
  36. Stohs, S; Effects of p-synephrine alone and in combination with selected bioflavonoids on resting metabolism, blood pressure, heart rate and self-reported mood changes.; Dean Emeritus, Creighton University Health Sciences Center; 2011
  37. Haaz, S; Citrus aurantium and synephrine alkaloids in the treatment of overweight and obesity: an update.; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; 2006
  38. Thevis, M; Analysis of octopamine in human doping control samples.; Institute of Biochemistry, Center for Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne; 2012
  39. Hapke, H; Pharmacological effects of hordenine; Institut für Pharmakologie, Toxikologie und Pharmazie; 1995
  40. Bogacka, I; The effect of beta-adrenergic and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma stimulation on target genes related to lipid metabolism in human subcutaneous adipose tissue.; Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center; 2007
  41. Bukowiecki L; Ephedrine, a potential slimming drug, directly stimulates thermogenesis in brown adipocytes via beta-adrenoreceptors.; International Journal of Obesity; 1982
  42. Astrup, A; The effect of ephedrine/caffeine mixture on energy expenditure and body composition in obese women.; Research Department of Human Nutrition, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University; 1992
  43. Coffey, C; A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of a product containing ephedrine, caffeine, and other ingredients from herbal sources for treatment of overweight and obesity in the absence of lifestyle treatment.; Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham; 2004
  44. Boozer, C; Herbal ephedra/caffeine for weight loss: a 6-month randomized safety and efficacy trial.; New York Obesity Research Center, St Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital and Columbia University; 2002
  45. Hackman, R; Multinutrient supplement containing ephedra and caffeine causes weight loss and improves metabolic risk factors in obese women: a randomized controlled trial.; Department of Nutrition, University of California; 2006
  46. Astrup, A; The effect and safety of an ephedrine/caffeine compound compared to ephedrine, caffeine and placebo in obese subjects on an energy restricted diet. A double blind trial.; Research Department of Human Nutrition, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University; 1992
  47. Toubro, S; Safety and efficacy of long-term treatment with ephedrine, caffeine and an ephedrine/caffeine mixture.; Research Department of Human Nutrition, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University; 1993
  48. Astrup, A; Thermogenic synergism between ephedrine and caffeine in healthy volunteers: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.; Research Department of Human Nutrition, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University; 1991
  49. Molnár, D; Safety and efficacy of treatment with an ephedrine/caffeine mixture. The first double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study in adolescents.; Department of Paediatrics, University of Pécs
  50. Dulloo, A; Ephedrine, xanthines and prostaglandin-inhibitors: actions and interactions in the stimulation of thermogenesis.; Department of Physiology, Centre Médical Universitaire; 1993
  51. Nawrot, P; Effects of caffeine on human health.; Toxicological Evaluation Section, Chemical Health Hazard Assessment Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Health Canada; 2003
  52. Magnusson, I; N-acetyl-L-tyrosine and N-acetyl-L-cysteine as tyrosine and cysteine precursors during intravenous infusion in humans.; Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital; 1998
  53. Banderet, L; Treatment with tyrosine, a neurotransmitter precursor, reduces environmental stress in humans.; U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine; 1989
  54. Deijen, J; Tyrosine improves cognitive performance and reduces blood pressure in cadets after one week of a combat training course.; Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Vrije Universiteit; 1999
  55. Neri, D; The effects of tyrosine on cognitive performance during extended wakefulness.; Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory; 1995
  56. Hoffer, LJ; N-acetyl-L-tyrosine as a tyrosine source in adult parenteral nutrition.; Nutrition Support Service, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital; 2003
  57. Ved, H; Huperzine A, a potential therapeutic agent for dementia, reduces neuronal cell death caused by glutamate.; Division of Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research; 1997
  58. Brandsch, C; Effect of L-carnitine on weight loss and body composition of rats fed a hypocaloric diet.; Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Halle; 2002
  59. Melton, S; L-carnitine supplementation does not promote weight loss in ovariectomized rats despite endurance exercise.; Department of Kinesiology, School of Health Sciences, West Chester University; 2005
  60. Cipolli, C; Effects of L-acetylcarnitine on mental deterioration in the aged: initial results; La Clinica Terapeutica; 1990
  61. Tominaga, M; The cloned capsaicin receptor integrates multiple pain-producing stimuli.; Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, W.M. Keck Foundation Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California; 1998
  62. Yoshioka, M; Combined effects of red pepper and caffeine consumption on 24 h energy balance in subjects given free access to foods.; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Division of Kinesiology, Laval University; 2001
  63. Limpeanchob, N; Neuroprotective effect of Bacopa monnieri on beta-amyloid-induced cell death in primary cortical culture.; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University; 2008
  64. Morgan, A; Does Bacopa monnieri improve memory performance in older persons? Results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial.; School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University; 2010
  65. Uabundit, N; Cognitive enhancement and neuroprotective effects of Bacopa monnieri in Alzheimer’s disease model.; Department of Physiology (Neuroscience Program) and Graduate School, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University
  66. Saraf, M; Bacopa monniera Attenuates Scopolamine-Induced Impairment of Spatial Memory in Mice.; Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research; 2011
  67. McGlade, E; Improved Attentional Performance Following Citicoline Administration in Healthy Adult Women; Brain Institute; University of Utah; 2012
  68. Sarkar, A; A rapid LC-ESI-MS/MS method for the quantitation of choline, an active metabolite of citicoline: Application to in vivo pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence study in Indian healthy male volunteers.; Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University; 2012
  69. Kresyun, V; Molecular-biochemical mechanisms of the action of nootropic drugs; Department of General and Clinical Pharmacology, N. I. Pirogov Odessa Medical Institute; 1990
  70. Burov, Y; Effect of amiridin on the conditioning of rats in a radial maze; Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 121, No. 5, pp. 526–527; May, 1996
  71. Paddon-Jones, D; Protein, weight management, and satiety.; Department of Physical Therapy, The University of Texas Medical Branch; 2008
  72. Noakes, M; The role of protein in weight management.; CSIRO Human Nutrition; 2008
  73. Delargy, H; Effects of amount and type of dietary fibre (soluble and insoluble) on short-term control of appetite.; Department of Psychology, University of Leeds; 1997
  74. Bergmann, J; Correlation between echographic gastric emptying and appetite: influence of psyllium.; Therapeutics Research Unit, Lariboisière Hospital; 1992
  75. [Citation Removed]
  76. Blom, W; Effects of 15-d repeated consumption of Hoodia gordonii purified extract on safety, ad libitum energy intake, and body weight in healthy, overweight women: a randomized controlled trial.; Unilever Research & Development
  77. Boozer, C; Simmondsin for weight loss in rats.; Department of Medicine, Obesity Research Center, St Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital Center; 2006
  78. Flo, G; Effects of simmondsin on food intake, growth, and metabolic variables in lean (+/?) and obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats.; Interdisciplinary Research Center, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; 1999
  79. Hawthorne, A; The satiating effect of a diet containing jojoba meal (Simmondsia chinensis) in dogs.; Waltham Centre for Pet Nutrition; 1998
  80. Lombardi, A; Effect of 3,5-di-iodo-L-thyronine on the mitochondrial energy-transduction apparatus.; Dipartimento di Fisiologia Generale ed Ambientale, Università di Napoli ‘Federico II’; 1998
  81. Lanni, A; 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine powerfully reduces adiposity in rats by increasing the burning of fats.; Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Seconda Università di Napoli; 2005
  82. 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine and 3,3′-diiodo-L-thyronine research; PricePlow.com DropBox Account
  83. Kobayashi, Y; Capsaicin-like anti-obese activities of evodiamine from fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa, a vanilloid receptor agonist.; Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd., Tsukuba Research Laboratories; 2001
  84. Wang, T; Evodiamine improves diet-induced obesity in a uncoupling protein-1-independent manner: involvement of antiadipogenic mechanism and extracellularly regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling.; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University; 2008
  85. Sugita, J; Grains of paradise (Aframomum melegueta) extract activates brown adipose tissue and increases whole-body energy expenditure in men.; Department of Nutrition, School of Nursing and Nutrition, Tenshi Collage; 2013
  86. Callahan, M; Yohimbine and rauwolscine reduce food intake of genetically obese (obob) and lean mice.; Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior; 1984
  87. Szemeredi, K; Simultaneous measurement of plasma and brain extracellular fluid concentrations of catechols after yohimbine administration in rats.; Hypertensive-Endocrine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; 1991
  88. Ostojic, S; Yohimbine: the effects on body composition and exercise performance in soccer players.; Institute of Sports Medicine, Belgrade Sports Academy; 2006
  89. Mero, A; Effects of alfa-hydroxy-isocaproic acid on body composition, DOMS and performance in athletes; Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä; 2010
  90. Acai: Science and Safety; National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM); 2011-2012
  91. Lordan, B; FTC Seeks to Halt 10 Operators of Fake News Sites from Making Deceptive Claims About Acai Berry Weight Loss Products; Federal Trade Commission; April 2011
  92. Morimoto, C; Anti-obese action of raspberry ketone.; Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ehime University School of Medicine; 2005
  93. Watanabe, T; The blood pressure-lowering effect and safety of chlorogenic acid from green coffee bean extract in essential hypertension.; Health Care Products Laboratories, Kao Corporation; 2006
  94. Joseph, S; Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for 8 weeks does not affect body composition, lipid profile, or safety biomarkers in overweight, hyperlipidemic men.; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, and Institute of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods; 2011
  95. Venkatramanan, S; Milk enriched with conjugated linoleic acid fails to alter blood lipids or body composition in moderately overweight, borderline hyperlipidemic individuals.; Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, University of Manitoba; 2010
  96. Wanders, A; Effect of a high intake of conjugated linoleic acid on lipoprotein levels in healthy human subjects.; Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO Institute for Health Care Research, VU University Amsterdam; 2010
  97. Sluijs, I; Dietary supplementation with cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid and aortic stiffness in overweight and obese adults.; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht; 2010
  98. Nazare, J; Daily intake of conjugated linoleic acid-enriched yoghurts: effects on energy metabolism and adipose tissue gene expression in healthy subjects.; Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine de Lyon; 2007
  99. Diaz, M; Chromium picolinate and conjugated linoleic acid do not synergistically influence diet- and exercise-induced changes in body composition and health indexes in overweight women.; Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University; 2008
  100. Lambert, E; Conjugated linoleic acid versus high-oleic acid sunflower oil: effects on energy metabolism, glucose tolerance, blood lipids, appetite and body composition in regularly exercising individuals.; UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town; 2007
  101. Tricon, S; Effects of dairy products naturally enriched with cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid on the blood lipid profile in healthy middle-aged men.; Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, School of Food Biosciences and the School of Animal and Microbial Sciences, The University of Reading; 2006
  102. Larsen, T; Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation for 1 y does not prevent weight or body fat regain.; Department of Human Nutrition, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University; 2006
  103. Whigham, L; Safety profile of conjugated linoleic acid in a 12-month trial in obese humans.; Department of Medicine and Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin; 2004
  104. Riserus, U; Effects of cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on insulin sensitivity, lipid peroxidation, and proinflammatory markers in obese men.; Clinical Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics, Uppsala University; 2004
  105. Ngondi, J; The effect of Irvingia gabonensis seeds on body weight and blood lipids of obese subjects in Cameroon.; Nutrition, HIV and Health Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I; 2005
  106. Keithley, J; Safety and Efficacy of Glucomannan for Weight Loss in Overweight and Moderately Obese Adults; International Journal of Obesity; 2013
  107. Heymsfield, S; Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid) as a potential antiobesity agent: a randomized controlled trial.; Department of Medicine, Obesity Research Center, St Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; 1998
  108. Kim, J; Does Glycine max leaves or Garcinia Cambogia promote weight-loss or lower plasma cholesterol in overweight individuals: a randomized control trial.; Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research, Kyungpook National University; 2011
  109. Malaguarnera, M; L-Carnitine treatment reduces severity of physical and mental fatigue and increases cognitive functions in centenarians: a randomized and controlled clinical trial.; Department of Senescence, Urological, and Neurological Sciences, University of Catania; 2007
  110. Timmers, S; Calorie restriction-like effects of 30 days of resveratrol supplementation on energy metabolism and metabolic profile in obese humans.; Top Institute Food and Nutrition; 2011
  111. Brasnyo, P; Resveratrol improves insulin sensitivity, reduces oxidative stress and activates the Akt pathway in type 2 diabetic patients., 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrological Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs; 2011
  112. Gilemann, Resveratrol Blunts the Positive Effects of Exercise Training on Cardiovascular Health in Aged Men; Denmark Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism; 2013
  113. Abdollahi, M; Effect of chromium on glucose and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes; a meta-analysis review of randomized trials.; Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; 2013
  114. Cefalu, W; Characterization of the metabolic and physiologic response to chromium supplementation in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.; Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System; 2010
  115. Ghosh, D; Role of chromium supplementation in Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus.; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Calcutta University College of Medicine; 2002
  116. de Bock, M; Olive (Olea europaea L.) leaf polyphenols improve insulin sensitivity in middle-aged overweight men: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland; 2013
  117. Susalit, E; Olive (Olea europaea) leaf extract effective in patients with stage-1 hypertension: comparison with Captopril.; Nephrology & Hypertension Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Indonesia/Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital; 2011
  118. Kar, A; Relative efficacy of three medicinal plant extracts in the alteration of thyroid hormone concentrations in male mice; Thyroid Research Unit, School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University; 2000
  119. Jagtap, M; Clinical efficacy of Coleus forskohlii (Willd.) Briq. (Makandi) in hypertension of geriatric population.; Department of Kayachikitsa, College of Ayurveda; 2011
  120. Godard, M; Body composition and hormonal adaptations associated with forskolin consumption in overweight and obese men.; University of Kansas, Department of Health, Sport and Exercise Sciences, Applied Physiology Laboratory; 2005
  121. Henderson, S; Effects of coleus forskohlii supplementation on body composition and hematological profiles in mildly overweight women.; Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Baylor University; 2005
  122. Greenway, FL; Regional fat loss from the thigh in obese women after adrenergic modulation.; Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine; 1987
  123. Li, Y; Activation of AMPK by berberine promotes adiponectin multimerization in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.; MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University; 2011
  124. Yang, J ;Berberine improves insulin sensitivity by inhibiting fat store and adjusting adipokines profile in human preadipocytes and metabolic syndrome patients.; First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi University of Medical; 2012
  125. Hu, Y; Lipid-lowering effect of berberine in human subjects and rats.; Avera Institute for Human Genetics; 2012
  126. Ma, X; Berberine-induced activation of 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and glucose transport in rat skeletal muscles.; Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University; 2010
  127. Kong, W; Berberine is a novel cholesterol-lowering drug working through a unique mechanism distinct from statins.; Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Peking Union Medical College; 2004
  128. Baskaran, K; Antidiabetic effect of a leaf extract from Gymnema sylvestre in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.; Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Madras; 1990
  129. Kanetkar, P; Gymnema sylvestre: A Memoir; Food Engineering and Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), University of Mumbai; 2007
  130. Joseph, B; Antidiabetic effects of Momordica charantia (bitter melon) and its medicinal potency; Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Department of Biotechnology, Malankara Catholic College; 2013
  131. Krawinkel, M; Bitter gourd (Momordica Charantia): A dietary approach to hyperglycemia.; Department of International Nutrition, Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus-Liebig-University; 2006
  132. Kumar, R; Type 2 antidiabetic activity of bergenin from the roots of Caesalpinia digyna Rottler.; Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University; 2012
  133. Oben, J; The effect of Cissus quadrangularis (CQR-300) and a Cissus formulation (CORE) on obesity and obesity-induced oxidative stress.; Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé; 2007
  134. Daly, P; Ephedrine, caffeine and aspirin: safety and efficacy for treatment of human obesity.; Dept of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; 1993
  135. Sugar Alcohols (Polyols) & Polydextrose used as Sweeteners in foods; Health Canada; 2005
  136. Kuriyan, R; Effect of Caralluma fimbriata extract on appetite, food intake and anthropometry in adult Indian men and women.; Division of Nutrition, Institute of Population Health and Clinical Research, St John’s National Academy of Health Sciences; 2007
  137. Astell, K; A pilot study investigating the effect of Caralluma fimbriata extract on the risk factors of metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese subjects: a randomised controlled clinical trial.; Biomedical and Lifestyle Diseases (BioLED) Unit, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University; 2013
  138. Kamalakkannan, S; Antiobesogenic and Antiatherosclerotic Properties of Caralluma fimbriata Extract.; Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University; 2010
  139. Cohen, P; A methamphetamine analog (N,α-diethyl-phenylethylamine) identified in a mainstream dietary supplement; 2013
  140. Barringer, A; Driven Sports Inc. 4/4/14; FDA.gov; Apr 2014
  141. Young, A; FDA warns maker of controversial sports supplement Craze; USA Today; Apr 2014
  142. Hangen, L; Consumption of black beans and navy beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) reduced azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in rats.; Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University; 2002; Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12672642
  143. Clare, B; The diuretic effect in human subjects of an extract of Taraxacum officinale folium over a single day.; Department of Herbal Medicine, Tai Sophia Institute; 2009; Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19678785

Comments and Discussion (Powered by the PricePlow Forum)